The innervation of the lingual papillae of the buffalo. A histochemical and immunohistochemical study.

The neural structures of the lingual papillae of the buffalo tongue were studied by means of neurohistological and immunohistochemical techniques and by the Ruffini gold chloride impregnation method. The circumvallate papillae were found to be richly innervated; the conical and filiform papillae were poorly innervated; and the innervation of the fungiform and lenticular papillae was intermediate. The following neural structures were identified: myelinated and non-myelinated fibers, free nerve endings and encapsulated end organs, lamellated corpuscles, Ruffini-like endings, and ganglia containing few cell bodies. Brain-derived neurofilament and the S-100 proteins were found in the majority of these structures. These findings indicate that the innervation of the lingual papillae of the buffalo is fairly well developed. It appears to be similar to that of cattle.

[The sensitive nerve endings of the clitoris of the sow (Sus scrofa domesticus)]. / Sur les terminaisons nerveuses sensitives du clitoris chez la Truie (Sus scrofa domesticus).

Neural receptors of the porcine clitoris were examined using light and electron microscopy. Perfusion with ink allowed study of the unique vascular arrangement associated with the genital corpuscles. Sensory nerve-endings were generally rounded and formed a morphologically and structurally characteristic unit. They were composed of a network of primarily non-myelinated nerve fibers and flat cells. Between these structures, isolated small blood vessels were embedded amongst collagen fibers and amorphous material. An external capsule of variable thickness always surrounded the structures. A complex arrangement of vessels in the center of the capsule was formed by a subpapillary mesh. The same arrangement was seen in the morphologically comparable penile genital corpuscles of the same species. Based on the particular arrangement of blood vessels and nerve fibers in the genital corpuscles, some authors postulate the presence of a neuro-vascular glomerulus.

[Lingual innervation in the buffalo]. / Alcuni aspetti dell'innervazione linguale nel bufalo.

The lingual and papillary mucosa innervation has been studied in the buffalo by histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques and by gold impregnation method of Ruffini. In lingual mucosa the presence of ganglionic structures has been noticed in which there are numerous cellular bodies and bundles of fibres variously directed. Particularly in the vallate papillae, the papillary stroma contains myelinic and unmyelinated fibres and terminal nerve corpuscles. Along stromal myelinic fibres the presence of the proteins S-100 and NF has been demonstrated.

Chromogranin- and somatostatin-containing neuroendocrine cells in the porcine uterus. An immunocytochemical study.

Endocrine cells scattered in organic mucosae were defined "Neuroendocrine" (NE) cells because they constitute a section of the Diffuse Neuroendocrine System (DNES). Such cells have never been evidentiated in the normal endometrium. By means of histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques, NE cells, some of which contain the hormone somatostatin, are described in the glandular epithelium of the uterine horn in non-pregnant, non-castrated, young and adult sows. As is known, the uterine horn is the organ of pregnancy in the pig. The localization, distribution and morphology of the uterine NE and somatostatin-containing cells are reported and the importance of their function, in the pregnant and non-pregnant porcine uterus, is discussed.

Staining of neuroendocrine cells by Linder's argyrophil method.

Linder's argyrophil method, recently developed to stain nervous structures, is useful in the histochemical study of amine- and/or peptide-producing neuroendocrine (APUD) cells. On sections from various organs of four animal species Linder's method worked well and rapidly stained the neuroendocrine cells yellow, red or black; it stained black nervous structures against a pale yellow background. Double staining of single sections from Bouin-fixed gastric mucosa of rabbits demonstrated the correspondence of both Linder- and Grimelius-positive cells. Rapidity of application, intensity of impregnation and reproducibility in results are the best features of Linder's method when applied to the study of the neuroendocrine system.

[Innervation of the adrenal chromaffin cells of Anas boscas. Ultrastructural study]. / Sull'innervazione delle cellule cromaffini nell'adrenale di "Anas boscas". Studio ultrastrutturale.

The authors report on ultrastructural study of large nerve trunks, preterminal section of axons and sympatic contacts with chromaffin cells in adrenal gland of "Anas boscas". Only in rare cases, islets of chromaffin cells occur in the deep parts of parenchyma and, in their center, a fray of nerve fibres can be described.

[Vascularization of the thymus in the duck]. / Sulla vascolarizzazione del timo nell'anatra.

The arrangement and the blood of Thymus lobes were shown by intra-vasal injection of Indian ink or Neoprene Latex. The origin and the distribution of the arteries were studied within thymic lobe and until the final branches represented by endolobulare capillaries. These branches represent the origin of the vein of the thymic lobe.

[Blood supply of the adrenal gland in the domestic duck]. / Sui vasi sanguigni della ghiandola adrenale nell'anatra domestica.

The Authors studied the arterial and venous vascularization of the duck adrenal gland. Thirty subjects of both sexes were used. Some were inoculated with plastic substance to obtain vasal casts. Others were perfused with Indian ink before the preparation of istological sections. The angioarchitecture of the adrenal glands presents some very interesting features with regard to both the arterious and the venous circulation. The former constitute two systems, superficial and deep, both participating in the formation of the sinusoidal network. The veins are represented by the adrenal vein and by a superficial vein. The latter has a larger diameter when in proximity of the organ smaller peripheral branches in connection with the flank region and with the penultimate intercostal space. The peculiar morphology of the superficial vein induces the Authors to retain that it is an afferent vein and that it may be considered as the adrenal portal vein.

[Blood circulation and bile ducts in the liver of the domestic duck]. / Sulla circolazione sanguigna e sulle vie biliari del fegato di anatra domestica.

For this investigation 35 domestic ducks of variable age (2 months - 2 years) and both the genders were utilized. After sacrificing them some were injected with celluloid or neoprene latex and from the other, samples of hhepatic tissue were excised for the preparation of tissue sections. Therefore the distribution of arterial and venous blood vessels and the portal veins as well as the distribution of the bile ducts were described. The problem of "visceralization" of the liver was studied and found that analagous to that which has been observed in other birds, in the duck it is not as complete as in the mammals, both on account of the presence of some parietal rami, and because of the relations that some visceral rami take directly with the epatic veins or with the caudal vena cava.

[Neuro-histological study on the innervation of the utero-vaginal tract in Gallus gallus]. / Studio neuro-istologico sul contingente nervoso del tratto utero vaginale in Gallus gallus.

The authors studied the nervous component present at the level of the utero-vaginal tract in the chicken using the tecniques of Ruffin's gold impregnation and the specific histologic stains (Bodian and Holmes method). A vast vegetative nervous network was also described which acts as a mechanical support for numerous gangliar formations of various size disposed along nerve fasciculi as well as a cospicuous sensory contingent represented by Ruffini and Pacinian (similar to those of Herbst) corpuscles and free nerve endings.

[Microvascularization of the thymus gland in birds. Research in Gallus gallus]. / Sulla microvascolarizzazione del timo degli uccelli. Ricerche in gallus gallus.

The microcirculation of thymic lobule has been studied. The vascular feature is markedly different compared with mammalian thymic circulation. Only one artery trunk, the intralobular thymic artery branching off from intralobular artery has been evidentiated. Interlobular arter penetrates the lobule and originates a bed of narrow thin-walled capilary network, thinner in the pheriphery.

[Peculiarities of the innervation of paranasal cavity mucosa in Ovis aries]. / Su alcune particolarita' dell'innervazione della mucosa dei seni paranasali in Ovis aries.

The innervation of the mucous membranes in the paranasal cavities of "ovis aries" appears homogeneous as regards the various nasal sinuses. It is represented by numerous nervous bundles which are in the deep and middle parts of the mucous membranes, and have sensory terminals and fibres assigned to the vessels and glandular adenomeres. In the subepithelial stratum can be noted a superficial plexus from which come off the fibres assigned to the epithelial elements of the mucous membranes.